Tổng hợp kiến thức từng chủ đề học kì II chương trình Tiếng Anh 8

 TỔNG HỢP KIẾN THỨC TỪNG CHỦ ĐỀ HỌC KÌ II
 CHƯƠNG TRÌNH TIẾNG ANH 8 ( SÁCH CŨ )
 UNIT 9: A FIRST-AID COURSE
I.VOCABULARY
Học sinh học từ vựng sau sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh 8 - Unit 9 - trang 161
- thank someone for something/ doing something : cảm ơn ai vì việc gì
- cheer someone up : làm cho ai vui
- come out of = to leave :
- come over = to visit :
II.GRAMMAR
1. PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF PURPOSE : (Mệnh đề và cụm từ chỉ mục 
đích)
 • So as to / In order to / So that : để mà
 a. Phrases of purpose : (Cụm từ chỉ mục đích) 
 in order (not) to 
 so as (not) to + V (bare-
 inf)
 Ex : I try to study hard in order to pass the entrance exam.
 We worked hard so as to complete the project on time.
 She got up early so as not to miss the first bus.
 He hurried in order not to be late for the interview.
a. Clause of purpose : (Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích) 
 S + V + so that + S + will / would + V(bare – 
 inf)
 in order that can / could
 may / might 
 Ex : I try my best to learn English so that I can find a good job.
 Leave early in order that you may get home before six.
 The boy stood on the chair so that he could more clearly.
 2. MODAL WILL TO MAKE REQUESTS, OFFERS AND PROMISES : 
 (Động từ khiếm khuyết WILL để đưa ra lời đề nghị, yêu cầu và lời mời)
a. Promise (lời hứa) :
 Ex: Thanks for lending me money. I’ll give it back on Friday. 12.He was playing softly. He didn’t want to disturb anyone.
 B.Combine these two sentences, using the cues given in brackets :
1. She said nothing. She didn’t want to wake the baby up. (so as not to)
2. I’ll write to Mai. I want to invite her over on my birthday party. (so as to)
3. I’m learning English. I want to read books in English. (in order to)
4. Name does morning exercises regularly. He wants to keep fit. (so as to)
5. You should practice speaking English every day. You can improve it rapidly. ( in 
 order to)
6. Mrs Hoan gave up the job. She could have more time with her children. (so that)
7. You have to wear warm clothes. You won’t catch a cold. (so as not to)
8. He buried up to the station. He didn’t want to miss the train. (in order not to)
9. He locked the door. No one could disturb him. (so that)
10.Mr. Tan saves money. He can buy a new house. (so that)
 C.Choose the word that has the undelined part pronounced differently from 
 the others..
 1.a.ambulance b.bandage c.damage d.patient Ex: I gave him an apple.
 An apple was given to him.
 He was given an apple by me.
 ­ Vị trí của trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và trạng từ chỉ 
 thể cách trong câu chủ động
Một số lưu ý: 
* Vị trí của trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian và thể cách trong câu bị động.
 S + { BE} + PP  + ( adv of place ) + (by + O) + (adv of time).
Ex: Lan bought this hat in Ha Noi last month.
 This hat was bought in Ha Noi by Lan last month.
 S + { BE } + ( adv of manner ) + PP + (by + O) 
Ex: Nam treats his dog badly 
 Nam’s dog is badly treated.
 * By + them, people, everyone, someone, everything, me, you, him, her, us 
 được lược bỏ trong câu bị động. 
 Ex: Somebody has cleaned the room. The room has been cleaned.
- Nếu chủ ngữ của câu chủ dộng là: No one. Nobody : thì câu bị động ở thể phủ 
định. Ex: Nobody knew the answer. The answer wasn’t known.
­ Bỏ BY + O trong câu bị động khi nó có thể được hiểu ngầm, khi mơ hồ hoặc 
 không quan trọng.
 Ex: People speak English in many countries in the world.
­ Không được tách hoặc bỏ các phần tử của động từ kép. (look up, take off, ) 
 khi chuyển sang câu bị động.
 Ex: Dung looked after my son yesterday. My son was looked after by 
 Dung yesterday.
­ Nếu câu chủ động có hình thức: S + V + O + bare_inf (động từ nguyên mẫu 
 không TO) khi chuyển sang câu bị động, nguyên mẫu không TO phải chuyển 
 thành nguyên mẫu có to.
 Ex: My father made me do that work. I was made to do that work. Active: S + was/ were + V-ing +O
Passive:S + was / were + being + P.P (by + O)
Ex: She was decorating the room at 8 a.m last Sunday.
→ The room was being decorated at 8 a.m last Sunday.
* Thì tương lai gần : 
Active: S + am / is / are + going to + V + O
Passive: S + am / is / are + going to be + P.P (by + O)
Ex: He is going to whitewash the walls.
.→ The walls are going to be whitewashed.
* Thì tương lai đơn giản: 
Active: S + will + V + O
Passive: S + will + be + PP .
Ex: They will build a cinema here next year.
.→ A cinema will be built here nex year.
* Thì hiện tại hoàn thành:
Active: S + have / has + P.P 
Passive: S + have / has + been + P.P .(by + O)
Ex: We have used this car for five years.
→ This car has been used for five years.
* Các động từ khuyết thiếu: 
- S + should / may / might / can / could / must / ought to / would + be + P.P 
- S + have to / has to + be + P.P (by + O)
Ex: We have to feed the pigs every day.
→ The pigs have to be fed every day.
- S + used to + be + P.P (by + O): 
Ex: They used to call me “John”.
→ I used to be called “John”.
B-ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE : It’s + adjective + to-V
Ex:- It’s dangerous to swim in that river. SIMPLE FUTURE :
1/ We will do the housework tomorrow.
 The housework 
______________________________________________________
 2/ Ann will write a letter.
 A letter ______________________________________________________
 3/ Charles will travel to London in December.
 London ___________________________________________________
 4/ They will make a party for their son’s birthday.
 A party _____________________________________________
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE :
 1/ They have decorated their house for TET since yesterday.
 Their house __________________________________________
 2/ Her father has reused the mobile phone for 2 months.
 The mobile phone 
___________________________________________________
 3/ The police has arrest a burglar.
 A burglar ________________________________________________________
 4/ She has bought a new pair of shoes.
 A mew pair of shoes _______________________________________________
B. CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE:
 1. The waiter refilled my glass.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 2. My secretary will notify you next week.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 3. Is a student pilot flying that airplane?
 .............................................................................................................................................
 4. Alan’s knowledge about art doesn’t impress me.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 5. People throw away billions of cans every year all over the world.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 6. D.E. Hughes invented microphone in 1878.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 7. Do people speak Spanish in Brazil?
 .............................................................................................................................................
 8. Someone will list my name in the new telephone directory.
 .............................................................................................................................................
 9. A plumper is going to fix the leaky faucet. 14. Finishing this work tonight is hard for me.
 =>.
15. Driving a car is not easy.
 =>.
16. Passing the final exam is easy for her.
 =>.
17. Flying to Nha Trang is comfortable.
 =>.
18. Letting your baby go out alone is very dangerous.
 =>.
E. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH “ADJ + TO INF”
 a. It/ lovely/ see / you / again.
 ..............................................................
 b. I / delight / receive / your message.
 ..............................................................
 c. They / well prepared / attend / the Olympia contest.
 ..............................................................
 a. He / anxious / wait for / the test results.
 ..............................................................
 b. We / happy / receive / a lot of presents from our grandparents.
 ........................................................
 c. She / smart enough / answer / all the 
 questions
F. REWRITE THESE SENTENCES USING THE “ADJECTIVE + TO INF” 
STRUCTURE.
 a. I passed all the exams. I am happy.
 I am.........................................................
 b. We are going to clean the environment. We are ready.
 We are......................................................
 c. Keeping people from littering is very difficult.
 It is..............................................................
 d. They hear about the plan to collect the used boxes. They are surprised.
 They are............................................................................
 e. Being able to live in a clean environment is lucky.
 It is....................................................................................
 f. She must empty the kitchen garbage. She is not pleased.
 She is..
G. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES USE THE STRUCTURE: “ADJ + TO 
V”
 1. I / too excited / do / anything. A. THE PARTICIPLES & PARTICIPIAL PHRASES : (Phân từ và cụm 
 phân từ) 
Có 2 loại phân từ trong tiếng Anh : hiện tại phân từ & quá khứ phân từ
 a. Present participle : (Hiện tại phân từ) V-ing 
Hiện tại phân từ (present participle) được dùng để thay thế cho mệnh đề quan hệ 
khi động từ ở mệnh đề mang nghĩa chủ động (active voice).
Ex : The man who is standing over there is my form teacher. 
 The man standing over there is my form teacher. 
 Students who attend this school have to wear uniform. 
 Students attending this school have to wear uniform.
 b. Past participle : (Quá khứ phân từ) V3 / Ved 
Ex : The toys which were made in China are cheap.
 The toys made in China are cheap.
 People who were invited to the party didn’t turn up.
 People invited to the party didn’t turn up.
 c. Participles functioning as adjectives : (Phân từ được dùng như tính từ)
➢ Present participle (Hiện tại phân từ): được dùng để mô tả người, vật hoặc sự 
 việc tạo ra cảm xúc. nghĩa chủ động
Ex : Jane’s job is boring. (Công việc của Jane thật tẻ nhạt)
 Tom is a very interesting person. (Tom là một người rất thú vị)
➢ Past participle (Quá khứ phân từ) : được dùng để mô tả trạng thái hoặc cảm 
 xúc của một người (đối với người, vật hoặc sự việc nào đó. nghĩa bị động
Ex : Jane is bored with the job. (Jane chán với công việc của mình)
 Boring teachers made bored students. (Thầy buồn tẻ khiến trò nhàm chán)
 I am very interested in those interesting subjects. (Tôi rất thích những đề tài 
thứ vị)
B. REQUEST WITH Would / Do you mind  ? (Lời đề nghị với Would / Do 
 you mind  ?)
 Would / Do you mind + V-ing ? Cấu trúc này được dùng để yêu cầu người khác 
 làm việc gì một cách lịch sự. 
Ex : Would you mind opening the window ? (= Please open the window.)
 (Phiền bạn mở dùm cửa sổ / Vui lòng mở dùm cửa sổ)
Do you mind not smoking here ? (= Please don’t smoke.) (Phiền bạn không hút 
thuốc ở đây)
 Would you mind + if-clause (past tense) ➢ Cấu trúc này được dùng để hỏi, xin phép 
 ? một cách lịch sự.
 Do you mind + if-clause (present tense) ? Ex : Would you mind if I opened the 
 window ?
 (Bạn có phiền không nếu tôi mở cửa sổ ?)
Do you mind if he smokes ? (Bạn có phiền không nếu anh ta hút thuốc ?)